This should be posted on the gates of every city in the world
uncultivated-person (golem)
wise-person (chacham)
A golem (גולם; English pronunciation: /ˈɡoʊləm/ GOH-ləm) is an animated being created entirely from inanimate matter. In modern Hebrew the word golem literally means “rock,” but can also mean “fool,” “dumb,” or even “stupid.” The name appears to derive from the word gelem (גלם), which means “raw material.
In mishnaic literature,theword “golem”has a very specifictechnicaldefinition.Keilim 12:6 teaches that an unformed rawvessel is called a golem. Our mishna says that there are seven traits that characterize an uncultivated,crude, raw person, and seven for a learned individual. It continueson to name the latter seven qualities, and concludes that the reverse of these qualities are those of the uncultivated person.The commentators note the unusual reference to a golem. Rambam elucidates that there are three levels below a chacham, wise learned person, with a golem being the highest. A golem has all the tools to succeed — he is intelligentand ethical — but these virtues are not perfected; instead they are confused and mixed up. This can be compared to autensil being created by a craftsman, which already has thebasic desired form, but is lacking the completing, perfecting steps. Thus the golem label properly characterizes an unpolished person.
